Short answer: Minoxidil (Oral) has a half-life of about 4 hours (Minoxidil tablets USP label) and reaches steady state after about 20 hours of regular dosing. Levels peak about 42 minutes after a dose by mouth. With daily dosing it clears almost completely between doses, so levels do not build up.
The minoxidil tablet label starting dose is 5 mg once daily (severe high blood pressure). Use for hair loss is off-label and usually at lower doses. Source: Minoxidil tablets USP label. Bioavailability 90% as in the app. Dashed line: 5 half-lives. Change the amount or schedule in the calculator.
Levels peak about 42 minutes after a dose by mouth.
With regular dosing at a fixed amount and interval, levels climb toward steady state by the same fraction every half-life, whatever the dose. At a half-life of about 4 hours:
| Share of steady state | Half-lives | Time |
|---|---|---|
| 50% | 1 | 4 hours |
| 75% | 2 | 8 hours |
| 90% | 3.3 | 13.3 hours |
| 97% (Dose Track's steady-state rule) | 5 | 20 hours |
The longer the gap between doses compared with the half-life, the bigger the swing from peak to trough and the less the levels build up. These ratios do not depend on the amount.
| Interval | Peak : trough | Build-up vs one dose |
|---|---|---|
| Daily | 54.7 : 1 | 1.02× |
| Every other day | over 1,000 : 1 | 1× |
| Twice weekly | over 1,000 : 1 | 1× |
| Weekly | over 1,000 : 1 | 1× |
| Every 2 weeks | over 1,000 : 1 | 1× |
Build-up is the accumulation ratio 1 / (1 − e−k·τ), with k = ln 2 / half-life and τ the interval.
After the last dose, about half is gone every 4 hours. After 5 half-lives, about 20 hours, roughly 97% has cleared in the model.
The FDA minoxidil tablet label says blood levels peak within the first hour and the average plasma half-life is 4.2 hours; Dose Track uses 4 hours and a peak at about 40 minutes. The blood pressure effect lasts much longer than the drug stays in blood: the label gives a total duration of about 75 hours.
The curve uses the half-life, time to peak, route and bioavailability built into the Dose Track app for Minoxidil (Oral), and the same one-compartment model with first-order absorption. These are modeled estimates from published half-lives, drawn with the same one-compartment model as the Dose Track app. Real levels vary from person to person, and only a lab test measures them. This is not medical advice and not a dosing recommendation; dosing decisions belong with you and your prescriber.
Vial sizes and syringe math are in the Oral Minoxidil guide.
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