Menopause: What the Word Means on Hormone Labels
[Glossary · How doses act in the body]

Menopause

Also called perimenopause, menopausal transition, postmenopause · Reviewed

Definition: Menopause is the time of life when the ovaries stop making most of their hormones and menstrual periods stop. MedlinePlus says a woman has reached menopause when she has not had a period for 12 months. The years leading up to it are called perimenopause, or the menopausal transition, and "postmenopausal" means the time after.

When it happens

MedlinePlus says the transition usually starts in the 40s and can last several years, and the most common age to reach menopause is between 45 and 55. Menopause before 40 is called premature menopause, and before 45 early menopause. Surgery that removes both ovaries, and some cancer treatments, can bring it on at any age. The NCI lists hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, vaginal dryness, trouble concentrating and the end of fertility as common symptoms.

How labels use the word

  • Premarin is approved to treat moderate to severe hot flashes (vasomotor symptoms) and vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause, and to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis.
  • The same label says a progestin should generally be considered for a postmenopausal woman with a uterus, to lower the risk of endometrial cancer.
  • Labels for GnRH agonists such as Lupron Depot describe menopause-like effects (hot flashes in 84% of women in its endometriosis trials vs 29% on placebo) because the medicine lowers estrogen on purpose.

Why it matters for your log

The 12-month rule means the date of the last period is the number that matters, and it is easy to lose track of. A log with period dates, hot flash counts and sleep notes gives a clinician a clear picture when hormone therapy is being discussed, and shows whether symptoms change after a dose change.

Read more on Dose Track: Menopause and hormone therapy · Premarin side effects · Does estrogen raise blood pressure?

General education drawn from labels and published studies, not personal medical advice. Your prescriber, pharmacist and the label that came with your product are the final word.

Frequently asked questions

How do you know you have reached menopause?+
MedlinePlus says menopause is reached after 12 months in a row without a period. The years before that are perimenopause.
What age does menopause happen?+
MedlinePlus gives 45 to 55 as the most common age. Before 40 is called premature menopause and before 45 early menopause.