Burping, Gas and Bloating on GLP-1 Medicines
[Answers · GLP-1 medicines]

Do GLP-1 medicines cause burping, gas or bloating?

From FDA labels, public health agencies and published studies · Reviewed

Short answer: Yes, all four US labels list burping and gas, and the weight-loss labels list bloating. In the adult weight-loss trials, burping was reported by 7% on Wegovy versus under 1% on placebo and 4% to 5% on Zepbound versus 1%. Gas was 6% versus 4% on Wegovy. The diabetes labels report lower rates, under 4%. The labels do not describe "sulfur burps" or any particular smell.

What the labels report

The labels use medical terms: eructation means burping, flatulence means passing gas, and abdominal distension means a bloated, swollen-feeling belly. The Wegovy patient leaflet lists belching, gas and feeling bloated among the most common side effects; the Zepbound leaflet lists belching.

Burping, gas and bloating in trials, from each US label (placebo in brackets)
Medicine and trialsBurpingGasBloating
Ozempic 0.5 mg and 1 mg, type 2 diabetes2.7% and 1.1% (0%)0.4% and 1.5% (0.8%)Not listed
Wegovy 2.4 mg, adults, weight reduction7% (under 1%)6% (4%)7% (5%)
Mounjaro 5, 10 and 15 mg, type 2 diabetes3.0%, 2.5%, 3.3% (0.4%)1.3%, 2.5%, 2.9% (0%)0.4%, 2.9%, 0.8% (0.4%)
Zepbound 5, 10 and 15 mg, weight reduction4%, 5%, 5% (1%)3%, 3%, 4% (2%)3%, 3%, 4% (2%)

In the Wegovy 7.2 mg trials, gas was reported by 4% on 7.2 mg, 2% on 2.4 mg and 2% on placebo. In the Wegovy trial of people aged 12 and older, burping was 4% against 0% on placebo.

The trials differ in doses, length and the people in them, and each label warns against comparing one drug's rates directly with another's.

What about "sulfur burps"?

People online often describe burps that smell or taste like rotten eggs on these medicines. None of the four labels describe the smell or taste of burps, so there is no label rate for that specific complaint. What the labels do describe is slower stomach emptying: the Ozempic label says semaglutide delays early stomach emptying after a meal, and the Mounjaro and Zepbound labels say tirzepatide delays it, most after the first dose and less over time.

The labels do not connect that effect to burping in particular, so it is a possible link rather than an established one.

When stomach symptoms are more than gas

Burping, gas and bloating are listed as common side effects, not warnings. The labels do flag other stomach symptoms that need a call:

  • Severe stomach pain that will not go away, sometimes felt through to the back, with or without vomiting: stop the medicine and call a provider right away (pancreatitis).
  • Upper stomach pain with fever, yellow skin or eyes, or clay-colored stools: signs of gallbladder problems.
  • Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea that does not go away: tell your provider right away, because fluid loss can lead to kidney problems.
  • Stomach problems that are severe or will not go away: the Mounjaro leaflet says these have been reported and to tell your provider.

The Ozempic label also lists intestinal blockage (ileus, intestinal obstruction) and severe constipation among reports received after approval.

What to note

Like other stomach side effects on these medicines, the labels tie most of them to starting and raising the dose. If burping or bloating is new, it helps to note the day it started counted from your last dose and dose change, whether it comes after large or late meals, and whether it is easing week to week. Dose Track logs side effects next to each dose so the timing is easy to show your prescriber.

Read more on Dose Track: GLP-1 side effects week by week · Nausea on GLP-1s: what the labels say · Ozempic side effects · Wegovy side effects · Mounjaro side effects · Zepbound side effects

General education drawn from labels, public health agencies and published studies, not personal medical advice. Your prescriber, pharmacist and the label that came with your medicine are the final word. Questions for other users? Ask in the Dose Track community.

Frequently asked questions

Does Ozempic cause burping?+
The Ozempic label lists burping (eructation) in 2.7% of people on 0.5 mg and 1.1% on 1 mg in the diabetes trials, against 0% on placebo.
Does Wegovy cause gas and bloating?+
Yes. In the adult trials, gas was reported by 6% on Wegovy 2.4 mg versus 4% on placebo, bloating by 7% versus 5%, and burping by 7% versus under 1%.
Do the labels mention sulfur burps?+
No. None of the Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro or Zepbound labels describe the smell or taste of burps. They describe burping in general.
When is stomach discomfort on a GLP-1 a warning sign?+
The labels say to stop the medicine and call a provider right away for severe stomach pain that will not go away, and list upper stomach pain with fever or yellow skin as a sign of gallbladder problems.